Resumo
A história das pandemias está intrinsecamente associada à evolução da humanidade. Ao longo do tempo, ocorreram sucessivos eventos de natureza pandémica, que condicionaram, em grande medida, o desenvolvimento dos povos. A história milenar das pandemias revela o caráter recorrente deste tipo de fenómeno. Nas últimas décadas, tem sido crescente a preocupação com o risco associado a doenças emergentes. As alterações decorrentes do modelo de desenvolvimento social e económico têm contribuído para um agravamento das desigualdades relativamente às condições de vida das populações. A concentração humana, com tendência à concentração urbana, a mobilidade, as questões relativas ao meio ambiente e ao comportamento humano persistem como fatores determinantes na defesa contra os diferentes tipos de ameaças. A pandemia causada pelo vírus Sars-Cov-2 pôs à prova, em termos globais, os níveis de preparação e a capacidade de reação dos diferentes países, revelando a fragilidade das respostas e a grande dificuldade na proteção dos grupos sociais mais expostos à doença. O mundo contemporâneo dispõe de instrumentos tecnológicos e de capacitação ao nível da investigação científica e da partilha de informação e geração de conhecimento, que o tornam mais forte e mais bem preparado para reagir a fenómenos biológicos inesperados. A moderna saúde pública terá de prevenir e antecipar riscos potenciais e emergentes, preparando os cidadãos e os sistemas de saúde para uma resposta robusta e adequada a este tipo de eventos.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Adalberto Campos Fernandes (Autor)