Saúde global e bioética global

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17566/ciads.v10i3.777

Palavras-chave:

Covid-19, Saúde global, Bioética global, Vulnerabilidade

Resumo

Covid-19 não é apenas uma ameaça nacional ou regional, mas global. Requer uma ação coordenada da comunidade global. Tal ação, conforme argumentado neste artigo, deve concentrar-se principalmente na questão de como prevenir a próxima pandemia. A humanidade foi advertida várias vezes sobre doenças emergentes e os riscos de pandemias, embora nenhuma resposta preparatória tenha sido realizada. As intervenções preventivas são possíveis desde que seja sabido como e onde surgem as doenças infeciosas. Tais intervenções procedem com base na vulnerabilidade e responsabilidade compartilhadas pela saúde global. O facto das intervenções terem sido inadequadas até ao momento pode ser considerado uma falha moral grave.

Downloads

Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.

Biografia do Autor

  • Henk ten Have, Center for Healthcare Ethics, Duquesne University

    Professor emeritus, Center for Healthcare Ethics, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, United States; Research Professor, Anahuac University, Huixquilucan, Mexico. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-7943. E-mail: tenhaveh@duq.edu

Referências

Howard-Jones N. The scientific background of the International Sanitary Conferences, 1851-1938. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1975.

Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E. The World Health Organization and the transition from “international” to “global" public health”. American Journal of Public Health 2006; 96 (1): 62-72.

Holst J. 2020. Global health – emergence, hegemonic trends and biomedical reductionism. Globalization and Health 2020; 16, 42. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00573-4

Ten Have H. Wounded planet. How declining biodiversity endangers health and how bioethics can help. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 2019.

Harrison M. A global perspective: Reframing the history of health, medicine, and disease. Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 2015;89:739-689.

Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, et al. 2009. Towards a common definition of global health. Lancet 2019; 373: 1993–1995.

Whitmee S, Haines A, Beyrer C, et al. Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch. Report of the Rockefeller Foundation-Lancet Commission on planetary health. Lancet 2015; 386: 1978.

Horton R, Beaglehole R, Bonita R, et al. From public to planetary health: a manifesto. The Lancet 2014; 383: 847.

WHO. World health report 2007 – A safer future: global public health security in the 21st century. Geneva: WHO; 2007.

Ten Have H. Vulnerability as the antidote to neoliberalism in bioethics. Revista Redbioetica/UNESCO 2014; 5 (1; no.9): 87-92.

Ten Have H. Respect for human vulnerability: The emergence of a new principle in bioethics. Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 2015; 12 (3): 395-408.

Institute of Medicine. Emerging infections. Microbial threats to health in the United States. Washington: National Academy Press; 1992.

Wolfe N. The viral storm. The dawn of a new pandemic age. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin; 2011.

Wolfe ND, Panosian Dunavan C, Diamond J. Origins of major infectious diseases. Nature 2007; 447: 279-283.

Khan AS. The next pandemic. On the frontlines against humankind’s gravest dangers. New York: PublicAffairs; 2020.

Fee E, Brown TM. Preemptive biopreparedness: Can we learn anything from history? American Journal of Public Health 2001; 91 (5): 721-726.

World Health Organization. SARS risk assessment and preparedness framework. Geneva: WHO; 2004. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/CDS_CSR_ARO_2004_2.pdf

World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western Pacific. SARS: How a global epidemic was stopped. Manila: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific; 2006. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/207501

World Health Organization. Report of the Ebola Interim Assessment Panel; 2015. Available from: https://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/ebola/report-by-panel.pdf?ua=1

Moon S, Sridhar D, Pate MA, et al. Will Ebola change the game? Ten essential reforms before the next pandemic. The report of the Harvard-LSHTM Independent Panel on the Global Response to Ebola. Lancet 2015; 386: 2204-2221.

World Health Organization. WHO global influenza preparedness plan: the role of WHO and recommendations for national measures before and during pandemics. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/68998

Ribes M. Covid-19 retrospective, a disaster that should have been averted. Bioethics Observatory, 2020, September 18. Available from: https://bioethicsobservatory.org/2020/09/coronavirus-crisis-responsibilities-exoneration/36839/

Trust for America’s Health and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Outbreaks: protecting Americans from infectious diseases. Washington, 2015. Available from: https://www.tfah.org/report-details/outbreaks/

Pegg D. What was Exercise Cygnus and what did it find? The Guardian, 2020, May 7. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/07/what-was-exercise-cygnus-and-what-did-it-find

Horton R. The Covid-19 catastrophe. Cambridge: Polity; 2020.

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Crimson Contagion 2019 Functional Exercise After-Action Report. Washington, 2020. Available from: https://www.governmentattic.org/38docs/HHSaarCrimsonContAAR_2020.pdf

Brown J. Influenza. The hundred-year hunt to cure the deadliest disease in history. New York: Simon & Schuster; 2018.

Global Health Security Index. Building collective action and accountability, 2019. Available from: https://www.ghsindex.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2019-Global-Health-Security-Index.pdf

Kandel N, Chungong S, Omaar A, Xing J. Health security capacities in the context of Covid-19 outbreak: an analysis of International Health Regulations annual report data from 182 countries. Lancet 2020; 395: 1047-1053.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Addressing emerging infectious disease threats: a prevention strategy for the United States (Executive Summary). MMWR 43 (No. RR-5), 1994, 1-23.

World Wide Fund for Nature. Living Planet Report 2020 - Bending the curve of biodiversity loss. Gland (Switzerland): WWF; 2020. Available from: https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf

Daszak P. We are entering an era of pandemics – it will end only when we protect the rainforest. The Guardian, 2020, 28 July. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jul/28/pandemic-era-rainforest-deforestation-exploitation-wildlife-disease

Vidal J. ‘Tip of the iceberg’: is our destruction of nature responsible for Covid-19? The Guardian, 2020, March 18. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/mar/18/tip-of-the-iceberg-is-our-destruction-of-nature-responsible-for-covid-19-aoe

World Health Organization. An R&D Blueprint for action to prevent epidemics. Funding & coordination models for preparedness and response, 2016. Available from: https://www.who.int/blueprint/what/improving-coordination/workstream_5_document_on_financing.pdf?ua=1

World Health Organization. Prioritizing diseases for research and development in emergency contexts, 2018. Available from: http://www.emro.who.int/pandemic-epidemic-diseases/news/list-of-blueprint-priority-diseases.html

Bellagio Initiative on the Global Virome Project. 2016. Available from: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/581a4a856b8f5bc98311fb03/t/582120e4ff7c5080cc611fd6/1478566120350/GVP+Bellagio+Initiative.pdf

Langreth R. Five steps to prevent the next pandemic. NDTV, 2021, Feb 4. Available from: https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/five-steps-to-prevent-the-next-pandemic-2362755

Smith MJ, Upshur REG. Ebola and learning lessons from moral failures: Who cares about ethics? Public Health Ethics 2015; 8 (3): 305-318.

Smith MJ, Upshur REG. Learning lessons from Covid-19 requires recognizing moral failures. Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 2020; 17: 563-566.

Downloads

Publicado

16-09-2021

Edição

Seção

ARTIGOS: PERSPECTIVA INTERNACIONAL

Como Citar

1.
Saúde global e bioética global. Cad. Ibero Am. Direito Sanit. [Internet]. 16º de setembro de 2021 [citado 16º de abril de 2024];10(3):50-65. Disponível em: https://www.cadernos.prodisa.fiocruz.br/index.php/cadernos/article/view/777